Acid Rain :: Free Essay Writer

At the point when thought of corrosive downpour, a few people may consider green, consuming corrosive tumbling from the sky, obliterating everything in sight. This might be somewhat strange and difficult to accept, yet as ridiculous as it sound, it isn't a long way from reality. Corrosive statement has for some time been a subject of discussion on account of the across the board environ-mental harm it is liable for. As one of the significant consequences of air contamination, corrosive downpour can consume metal and limestone structures, drain significant minerals, diminished ripeness of soils, and lower pH in lakes and lakes. For the individuals who dread "the end of the world," corrosive downpour may represent a danger as it makes a terrible domain for both creature and human. Also, for the individuals who care about our planet, perhaps it is about time we quit devastating it and give something back to Mother Earth. There are various reasons for corrosive precipitation, a few of these are immaterial and amass into serious cases. Be that as it may, there are likewise a few sources that are threatening without anyone else, sources, for example, mechanical emanations. At times, corrosive downpour is caused when modern exhaust blend in with dampness in the climate. Acids are then conveyed in mists for significant distances before they are saved through downpour, which shows that backwoods and lakes far away from processing plants might be harmed by corrosive downpour. Another critical reason for corrosive downpour is vehicle exhaust. Exploration has shown that albeit modern emanation compensates for most causes, sulfur dioxide from oil and coal burning furthermore, nitrogen oxides created from car motors have enormously escalated the issue. Electric force plants are additionally to fault for this issue. Late investigation has indicated that force plants are responsible for the arrival of in excess of 20 million tons of sulfur Per. 3 dioxide every year. Implying that a long time from now, there would associate with 30 million tons of corrosive downpour segments in our climate. What's even most exceedingly awful than corrosive downpour and its causes are the outcomes. Corrosive statement can cause various catastrophes, a portion of the genuine impacts incorporates structure annihilation. The marble frieze boards on the Parthenon of Athens for instance, has been changed by corrosive downpour into gypsum. Loosing quite a bit of its subtleties, the outside of the Parthenon is likewise starting to break and piece off. The impacts of corrosive downpour can likewise be found in lakes, waterways, and streams and plant development.

Business Leadership Essay

3. Presentation Initiative has for quite some time been a significant field of enthusiasm among the association and organizations on the planet. It is an issue that influences every one of us, be in the corporate world or at home. Not just we impacted and influenced by it, we are additionally called upon to practice it. Regardless of whether we are engaged with driving government or business, controlling youthful personalities or driving a family, everybody has an influential position to play. Morse and Buss (2007) characterizes administration as a procedure of impact where an individual or gathering impacts others to progress in the direction of a shared objective. Great pioneers motivate others to put forth a valiant effort. They help other people to cooperate to achieve their objectives. Authority is additionally about being a decent good example. As indicated by Stashevsky and Burke (2006) initiative is tied in with adapting to change. Pioneers set up course by building up a dream of things to c ome, adjusting others by correspondence the vision and moving their kin to beat issues. As indicated by McKinney (2000), American paper analyst Walter Lippmann characterized pioneers as â€Å"the caretakers of a nation’s goals, the convictions it values, of its lasting expectations, of the confidence which makes a country out of a simple collection of individuals.† At the end of the day, pioneers can influence human conduct to achieve a strategic to accomplish a particular objective. Authority is exposed to close research from the hypothetical and down to earth perspectives. In the good 'ol days, administration speculations for the most part centered around the qualities or practices of effective pioneers. Today, administration speculations have extended to think about the job of the adherents and relevant characteristic of authority. Adair (2003, page 7-38) depicted a pioneer as an individual (with administration characteristics) who has the proper information and aptitude to lead a gathering to accomplish their objectives and targets readily. Be that as it may, character and character can't be kept separate from the administration. Their own characteristics, their response to the requests of the circumstance, or a blend of these, draw in supporters to their administration style. A person who is designated to an authority position (administrat or), must have sufficient individual disposition and abilities to lead the group. They have to constantly improve their mentality, abilities and information to accomplish more elevated levels of greatness. As indicated by Coate (2007, p.304) pioneers and chiefs need to see past the following quarterly returns or the prompt creation cutoff time. They have to take a gander at the enormous pictures, peep into the future, and set the organization’s crucial vision immovably set up. A successful pioneer is a decent organizer, teacher and coordinator. Pioneer should be acceptable at assessing execution, making a decision about individuals (clients or teams) and to have the option to anticipate the result of an activity (or inaction). The visionary chief leads the group to remain concentrated on their objectives and targets. Pioneers can push a group to accomplish things they didn’t know were conceivable. Visionary authority is a crucial guide pioneers at all levels, from top officials to head of divisions and offices, from huge enterprises to independent ve nture, from assembling and administration associations to government and non-benefit foundations (Bass, 1995). Authority style models help to accomplish successful pioneers which remember the inclusion of the representatives for conversations with their managers every once in a while and dynamic. The initiative style will have extraordinary effect on others. Powerful pioneers give inspiration, motivation and are very much associated with their colleagues. Successful authority style will bring legitimate achievement of objectives and targets. It likewise assists with understanding human conduct in more extensive point of view and aides in creating positive mindfulness. They giving mentorship and direction, and energizing the group to accomplish greater and better things. Inspiration is another significant part of good initiative (Curry, 1998). Inspiration can improve spirit and profitability, bringing about generally speaking improvement in proficiency and group efficiency. Each association needs pioneers at each level. Initiative in business is significant in light of the fact that it is tied in with building groups and imparting so everybody attempts to box cooperative energy. This is a key fixing to fruitful organizations and title groups. Albeit a large number of research considers have been led to demonstrate which initiative style is best pertinent in the association, yet at the same time there are no ends. The â€Å"best† initiative appears to happen when the leaders’ style matches to the genuine circumstance. Every one of the initiative styles can be viable in the correct circumstance. The best administration styles rely upon the connection among individuals, attributes of the circumstance, and the pioneer (chief) character. 4. The examination of Steve Jobs character and initiative with administration speculations Steve Jobs, Apple’s CEO and the man who practically solitary ly made Apple one of the key players ahead of time innovations. I differ that Steve Jobs’ initiative style doesn't coordinate the speculations of administration. Despite the fact that he had a considerable amount of flighty ways, Steve did in reality practice various initiative styles that are adjusted to speculations introduced in course books and business diaries. Actually, there is a general accord that Steve Jobs is a wilful and driven pioneer and he is the pioneer of one of the most extraordinary organizations throughout the entire existence of business. Visionary and Transformational Leadership Steve Jobs once said â€Å"I need to place a ding in the universe.†-Steve Jobs (Kahney, 2011. p.150). This announcement gives us some knowledge into his administration qualities and the emphasis on ideation that drove Apple to where it is today under his authority. To be sure, Steve was driven by energy and a ground-breaking vision. Steve’s visionary initiative understandable his kin with extraordinary motivation, in this way changing it in same way. The quality of Steve’s vision and energy, combined with development culture that was at that point set up made the age of gathering enthusiasm, and in the end the assignment, and at last the deal, a lot simpler (Sander, 2012 p.52). He had the option to consolidate his extraordinary thoughts with his solid impression of purchaser wants, advertising procedure and the executives abilities. Steve had made arrangements for the items; he gave the dreams, the apparatuses and the strong workplace for his kin. He transmitted vitality to his kin, giving them another feeling of trust in accomplishing the vision. He was a devotee of Zen (Sander, 2012), sharpened by Zen’s preparing and belief system. Center was instilled in Steve’s character. A pioneer needs to adore what the individual in question does (Graves, 2011). Steve concentrates on his items, has faith in his thoughts and never surrenders to disappointment. These are maybe the keys to his prosperity as a transformational pioneer. Cherry (2012) characterized transformational authority as a kind of initiative style that pioneers to positive changes in the individuals who follow. Transformational pioneers are commonly fiery, energetic, visionary and enthusiastic. Not exclusively are these pioneers concerned and associated with the procedure; they are likewise centered around helping each individual from the gathering succeed. Steve Jobs has made the entire culture inside his organization, a culture that seeks after advancement, dedication to making incredible â€Å"killer† items, inspiration and advancement of personal circumstance among his kin, showcasing vision and focus on quality. Transformational pioneers empowers advances esteems, conviction, and feeli ng of duties (Bass and Ringgio, 2006). Steve Jobs has all the important credits to be considered on. In 1997, Steve came back to Apple when the organization was in the emergency. He steered and rolled out clearing improvements, re-organizing and resizing the association. He checked on the circumstance and inferred that a little group of gifts is more helpful and gainful than hordes of less skilled individuals. From that point, he assigned and gave full help to the group. One of the repetitive topics was Jobs’ â€Å"reality bending field,† his capacity to persuade people around him that his adaptation of the truth was valid, his capacity to force his will upon others such that caused the apparently difficult to get conceivable. Occupations felt that on the off chance that he could make Apple’s items alluring, slick and engaging, individuals would at last rush to them. Occupations was persuades that he knew the best, shunning statistical surveying in lieu of the conviction that buyers would need what he advises them to need, demanding a shut arrangement of end â€to-end control by Apple since he didn’t need outcasts spoiling what he was making. â€Å"The more you considered him to be having persona, the more it went connected at the hip with him being a visionary.† (Dailey, 2011) Steve Jobs’ painstakingly built web mystery, peppered with certain traces of defenselessness and openness he was well known for noting client messages just added to the approaching legend that developed with every Apple advancement. Employments had gotten quantities of praises and acknowledgment for his impact in the versatile innovation and music ventures. He has generally been alluded as visionary pioneer. Appealling Leadership Steve Jobs likewise delegated appealling and visionary pioneer. Charming initiative outcomes when a pioneer utilizes the power of individual capacities and abilities to make significant and unprecedented impact on adherents (Nelson, 2012). Numerous individuals who worked for Jobs experienced burnout and portrays him as an intimidators, however on knowing the past they acknowledge and relish the experience. Research shows that individuals who work for the intimidator (Steve Jobs) were regularly discover the experience â€Å"profoundly instructive, even transformational.† (Kahney, 2011 p.172) Steve frequently demands things that are apparently unthinkable. He accepts that inevitably even the thorniest issue is

Fame

Fame DID YOU KNOW? Americas fastest competitive eater is Sonya Thomas, a Korean-American woman who weights 105 lbs. She recently finished 3rd in the 2004 Nathans Hot Dog Eating Contest. Hey, Changing World Technologies, the company Im working for in my UROP got into Discover Magazine again this month. How sweet is that? Anything Into Oil By Brad Lemley Photography by Dean Kaufman DISCOVER Vol. 27 No. 04 | April 2006 | Technology The thermal conversion process is probably the only practical large-scale method of dismantling prions, the proteins that cause mad cow disease. Although the process has never been specifically used to destroy prions, Jefferson Tester, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT, says hes confident that the proteins would be ripped apart and rendered harmless by such extreme temperatures and pressures. Mad cow disease is thought to spread via the common American practice of feeding rendered animal parts back to animals. Appel assumed that the United States, like most modern nations, would ban the practice, creating more demand for his machinery to process leftover animal parts. In 1997 the government did ban feeding beef parts to beef cattle, but turkey and chicken cannibalism are still legal. Jefferson Tester? I know him! I biked 120 miles this summer, eating his dust the entire way! This was on the annual Tester Lab bike trip, which did you know that a 60-mile bike trip means 60 miles each way? Really? To see the rest of the article, youll have to subscribe to Discover online, which is way expensive. Id definitely check out the magazine at your school library or something if you get the chanceits a nicely-done article. Plus, if you buy the actual magazine, you can see pictures of skinless corpses in hilarious poses! This picture, which accompanies the Anything Into Oil article, is slightly less creepy, and provides a clear picture of where the turkey in Turkey vs. Spam comes from. This is like the fifth or sixth time Ive posted a picture of rotting turkey carcasses in my blog, isnt it? MORAL OF THE ENTRY: Science is AWESOME!

Women s Rights And Gender Equality Essay - 1506 Words

All men and women were created equal. However, this obvious truth is not universally shared. Fortunately, there is a very real fight for gender equality that we are currently engaged in, and a participant in that fight that holds a fundamental role are non-governmental organizations (NGOs). NGOs exist as private, voluntary organizations that function without government restriction and bias because they are not for profit and not funded by the government. These organizations coordinate strategies in order to â€Å"perform a variety of services and humanitarian functions, bring citizen concerns to governments, advocate and monitor policies and encourage political participation through provision of information.† These core characteristics of NGOs meld and cooperate to advocate for women’s rights and gender equality. These organizations are actually quite effective in achieving their missions of promoting women’s rights and gender equality. Women’s rights NGOs led the General Assembly to adopt the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Violence Against Women. Women’s rights NGOs advocate for the idea that women’s rights are included in human rights. In Nicholas D. Kristof s and Sheryl WuDunn’s bestselling novel, Half the Sky, readers are introduced to the many plights that women suffer from in countries all over the world. Sex trafficking, forced prostitution leading to the abuse of women and young girls, AIDS, and other sexually transmitted diseases are all very realShow MoreRelatedWomen s Rights For Gender Equality1441 Words   |  6 PagesWhatever women do, they must do twice as well as men to be thought half as good. Luckily, this is not difficult (Charlotte Whitton). Women’s rights promote an equality between men and women. Equality between males and females would be both genders being treated equal and fair in all aspects of life. Many people have been fighting for centuries to transform womenà ¢â‚¬â„¢s rights. Women’s rights regarding job opportunities, military advancements and pay gaps have transformed over centuries and need to continueRead MoreWomen s Rights And Gender Equality Essay2428 Words   |  10 Pagesmay not even bring anything or anyone significant to mind. But no matter what thoughts arise through them, all three of these words represent an ideology, and two of them commonly have to do with diet. Feminism, or the advocacy of women’s rights and gender equality, and veganism, or the lifestyle and diet of avoiding animal products, are widely known and decently popular. However, locavorism, which is the lifestyle and diet of purchasing and eating locally and sustainably grown food in order to helpRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Gender Equality And Women1005 Words   |  5 PagesHistorically women have not been provided equal opportunities in competitive and collegiate sports. In the late 1800’s, social perception was that females were weak an d although they were admired by men, they were treated like objects (Lumpkin, 2013). Competitive and collegiate sports were dominated by males, with little opportunity for women to participate. Females eagerly wanted to participate, however sports were perceived inappropriate which would put their femininity in question and putRead MoreGender Equality And Women s Rights1274 Words   |  6 Pages Women in the world still face discrimination and gender equality takes action to achieve women’s rights. AAUW provides and gives women the chance to have an education, while Catalyst reaches out to women to carry out equal pay, equal participation in the workplace, and remove discrimination. UN Women attains to human rights for women. Throughout history women have fought for gender equality in the workplace and in education, and every year organizations like AAUW, Catalyst, and UN Women haveRead MoreGender Equality And Its Effects On Women s Rights1962 Words   |  8 Pageshas also caused it to regress. Prior to the occupation of these treacherous groups, Afghanistan had a relatively liberal outlook, with a hopeful progression of women’s rights. More specifically; â€Å"Afghan women made up 50% of government workers, 70% of school teachers, and 40% of doctors in Kabul.† In recent years the public life of women has been completely effaced due to the effects of war and the Taliban regime. They are isolated, confined to their homes and masked with an all-encompassing burqa; prisonersRead MoreGender Equality And The Movement For Women s Rights On A Global Scale1174 Words   |  5 Pagesawareness about gender equality and the movement for women’s rights on a global scale. In fact, there are two controversial perceptions of the meaning of feminism and what feminists stand for. For many years, feminism is considered a series of mere actions exhorting for only women, which is anti-men and overaggressive. Recently, there is a gradual change in the understanding of what feminism is. It is all about the equality that every living human should be treated regardless of gender, race, religionRead MoreGender Roles : Women s Rights On The Ground Of Political, Social And Economic Equality1531 Words   |  7 Pagesisa loaded term. Defined as the advocacy of woman’s rights on the ground of political, social and economic equality to men, feminism has become a movement for woman to have the same rights and respect as men, but just as racism is still relevant, so is the inequality of woman because of stereotypical gender roles. Woman have alway had their role in history, but those roles are often dictated by men. Historically woman have been shown doing woman s work and are defined in terms of their marital statusRead MoreSummary Of Looking For Alibrandi By Goria Steinem1077 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"A gender-equal society would be one where the word â€Å"gender† does not exist: where everyone can be themselve s. â€Å"said by Goria Steinem. I disagree with Steinem’s statement in relation to gender equality in contemporary Australia. In this essay, three arguments would be addressed, which directly referred to Melina Marchetta’s 1992 novel, Looking for Alibrandi that enacted a story of a teenage girl who had to face difficulties in the society and fight with the original Australians as she was an illegitimateRead MoreGender Inequality Between Men And Women1255 Words   |  6 PagesHowever feminism maintains that women are treated in an unfair ways. Social gender roles lead to various forms of inequality and disparity between men and women, which in relation to the socio economic, political and cultural ideologies plays a negative role in girls (Asley 2014) .While some societies, defend gender differences based on their cultural norms and religious beliefs, this tends to restrict women physical and mental space.†Across social classes girls tends to have less physical mobilityRead MoreDoes Feminism Create Equality?1037 Words   |  5 PagesDoes Feminism Create Equality? Feminism is an umbrella term for people who think there is something wrong with the idea that gender has the capability to limit an individual’s social and political right. Even if there is inequality between men and women, feminism has never been the main reason to give women their civil rights. Feminism started among European activists in the 19th century, when women were not treated equally and were not elected to high positions of power. Indeed, it sought to eliminate

Essay on Horse slaughter. Is it really worth it - 2536 Words

Horse slaughter. Is it really worth it? Horse slaughter has been going on for a long time now and humans have increased their horsemeat consumption because of the mad cow disease. Mad cow disease is issued from the fattening foods farmers give to their cattle. In the food are sheep’s’ bones grinded into tiny, tiny bits. Ignorant till the outburst, makers didn’t know that in sheep bones there is the virus of the dreaded disease. The disease doesn’t affect sheep as it is only in their bones but when the cows eat it, it gets into their systems and is passed on through their meat to humans. Many people are going off cow meat and onto horsemeat. Countless numbers of them are oblivious to the fact that horsemeat is just as dangerous as†¦show more content†¦This horror can go on up to 90 hours. When they get to the slaughterhouse, the horses are released into another pen. Blinded by the light, they trip down the ramp and stumble into others. There is no food or drink and the many horses are herded into a narrow passageway where they can only move forward single file. They can smell the blood and death but can’t place it as their senses have weakened without food or water. Stumbling, they follow their friends along to the knocking box. In some countries they use hammers, others a gun like thing. These metal tools go through the forehead and split the bone, right into the brain, aiming to make the horses senseless. In pain, they collapse. In America, for example, the horses slip down a ramp into a blood-sodden room. There, a man hoists them up into the air by tying their hind legs. In other countries, France for example, the horses are left on the floor where their throats are slashed and they bleed into the gutter. In both countries, the legs are broken or even hacked off while the horse is bleeding to death. The reason why they bleed them to death is so that the meat is good for human consumption. The governments have imposed a law that the horses, or slaughtered animals, must be made senseless. This is done by stunning or electrifying but it doesn’t always work. In a lot of pictures I have seen, the horses are twisting their legs in pain when they are hoisted and their throatsShow MoreRelated Looking Into the Past in Vonneguts Slaughter House-Five Essay1006 Words   |  5 PagesLooking Into the Past in Vonneguts Slaughter House-Five In the spring of 1945, near the end of World War II, American and British bombers rained a hail of fire upon the city of Dresden, Germany. With an estimated 135,000 dead, Dresden is known as one of the deadliest attacks in History, nearly twice as many deaths than the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. Kurt Vonnegut was among the few who lived through the firestorm; he wrote a book about it in fact. Slaughter House-Five (1969) is a fictional recountRead MoreEssay on Benefits of Horse Slaughter Industry1918 Words   |  8 PagesThe horse is a highly respected animal in United States culture. It has been worshipped and paid tribute to through art, books (Misty of Chincoteague, Black Stallion), movies (Black Beauty, Spirit), and television shows (Mr. Ed). nbsp;The horse industry is huge in the United States, encompassing everything from rodeos and racing to horses owned for purely pleasure. nbsp;There have been statues erected of famous racehorses, as well as museums devoted entirely to equi nes. nbsp;Horse culture isRead MoreAnimal Cruelty Should Be Punished1665 Words   |  7 Pagesthan they can care for, says ASPCA. There are many signs to look for when assuming that someone is hoarding. For example, if the owner does not know how many animals he or she owns this is a sign and assumes that their animals are all happy when they really are clearly depressed and are not sociable with each other. The more physical signs that a person is a hoarder could be if their house is nasty and filthy which may result in the smell of urine everywhere and even the sight of urine and other animalRead MoreHorse Slaughter : The Inhumane Murder Of Innocent Horses2187 Words   |  9 PagesHorse slaughter is just exactly as it sounds. It is the inhumane murder of innocent horses. I will never understand how someone can sit and actually enjoy a meal consisting of horse meat knowing how that horse came to be served for dinner. It’s a cruel and heartbreaking process that starts from the moment the poor horse is loaded on a transport trailer. These horse suffer in worst fashion from abuse and neglect until they are unfortunately killed and severed for a meal. This is not okay. The practiceRead MoreAnimal Abuse Senior Paper1699 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal Abuse By Jordan Froce English IV Period: 2 Mrs. Zoltani 9 April 2010 Jordan Froce Mrs. Zoltani English IV 3 March 2010 Animal Rights Thesis Statement: Imagine a dog running to fetch a toy, A horse galloping on a trail, or even a heard of cows grazing upon a grassy pasture. These same beloved animals could be suffering an unimaginable fate in some of the world concentration camps that are still standing. Only nowadays they are known to the outside world as slaughterhousesRead MoreThe Life Of The Greens Life1330 Words   |  6 Pageshopes to send their message to stop forest destruction. The attack in 1996 Oakridge Ranger Station was one of some of the attacks by E.L.F. was setting 8 million dollars worth of building and much other equipment. Then in 1997 in Cavell West Processing Plant the E.L.F. burned the plant for its massive slaughter of wild horses. 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The defeated countries were also forced to pay billions of dollars’ worth of money to the allied powers and admit that they had been responsible for starting WWI. There were five different treaties which were formed after WWI. (1) Treaty of Versailles – signed on 28 June 1919 (2) Treaty of Saint Germain en Laye – signedRead MoreThe End Of The Civil War3494 Words   |  14 Pagesofficer of grant wrote â€Å"he at once became apprehensive, because the latter was amenable to no known rules of procedure, was a law onto himself for all military acts, and was constantly doing the unexpected at all times and places† (Katcher). Forrest is really showing something that were unacceptable in a war because he was doing some tactics that nobody would expect or no one should not do in a war. One event in the American history that Forrest is known for is the Massacre in Fort Pillow, Tennessee. 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Virtue Theory Free Essays

A Necessary, Modern Revision Aristotle studied and explained a wide range of subjects ranging from science to politics and is widely recognized as one of the greatest philosophers of all time. One of his most important contributions to the study of humanities is his exploration and definition of moral virtue. In his book, The Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle explains different views about the nature of life in order to allow the reader to find what the main function of life is and how to successfully perform that function. We will write a custom essay sample on Virtue Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, Aristotle states in his first book, in article one, â€Å"every art and every investigation, and similarly every action and pursuit is considered to aim at some good. † Hence, Aristotle defines the â€Å"good† as that which all things should aim. However, what separates humans from other â€Å"things† is the fact that humans seek the good in order to achieve eudemonia, or happiness. In order to achieve this result, a human must function well, and would therefore be acting with rational activity. So, if a person performs the function of rational activity well, they have acted with moral reasoning, acting virtuously to achieve eudemonia. In summary, Aristotle believes the good, or virtue, is in a human’s self-interest because of the results it produces. However, I strongly believe that, to classical philosophers, achieving virtue was a broader concept that its modern connotation suggests. It is commonly known that certain theories can be considered obsolete over time if not restated in a modern day context, because as society advances, there is a need for theories and ideas to accommodate and make room for such changes in order to maintain their relevance So, in order to adapt Aristotle’s theory of the good, also known as Aristotle’s virtue theory, into modern day life, different theorists and philosophers became interested in reevaluating the theory and adding to it in order to achieve a successful and newer theory for humans to consider. I want to discuss the most popular theories recreated from Aristotle’s virtue theory to prove that there is, in fact, a need to modernize and restate his original concept, there is not a need to disregard it or substantially add to it. I believe that his theory must simply be presented through a modern outlook to be used as a guideline as to how humans should act instead of a set group of rules that could possible contradict each other. There are many different theories to consider when trying to find the best adaptation of Aristotle’s virtue heory, they range from supplementary views to non-supplementary and non-criterialists. For example, Supplementalists such as James Rachels believe in supplementing Aristotle’s theory of the good with an independent theory of right action. Whereas, non-Supplementalists can be further split into criterialists such as Rosalind Hursthouse, who believes that happiness can be objective, and non-criterialists such as Julia Annas, w ho believes that virtue theory does not need any criteria of right action because a truly virtuous person would never get into a situation where a criteria of right action would be needed. These theories differ on core principles and methods of adaptation, some even disagree with parts of Aristotle’s theory; however, they all have some form of agreement with respect to Aristotle’s theory of the good and can be used to enhance it for its adaptation into modern day context. After my evaluations of each philosopher’s view points, I have found the most practical and least contradicting theory in Julia Annas’ essay, â€Å"Being Virtuous and Doing the Right Thing. † Her essay delves into not only the original concept of Aristotle’s virtue theory, but also discusses the consequences of abiding by those guidelines in modern day. Her theory allows Aristotle’s theory to remain intact, however she refreshes it to the modern connotation it needed to be more commonly accepted by today’s society. However, when looking at the other popular views, James Rachels’ provides a detailed argument vouching for his supplementalist view point on the theory of the good in his essay â€Å"The Ethics of Virtue. † In his opinion, Aristotle’s theory shows an excellent motivation for moral action and gives us a better perspective of our decisions by enabling a different method of weighing our action. Yet, he also states that through Aristotle’s theory alone, there would be no reason for individuals to think that characteristics are virtues rather than vices. For example, courage could be a vice because there is no basis for asserting that courage is a virtue. Second, he adds â€Å"it is difficult to see how unsupplemented virtue theory could handle cases of moral conflict† (Rachels 2). For example, honesty can conflict with kindness if a certain circumstance presents itself. According o Rachels, a purely virtue-based morality must always be incomplete, since it could not by itself explain why certain character traits are not morally good and therefore, humans could never decipher if they are truly acting virtuously and experiencing eudemonia. In order to make such a distinction between what is and is not morally good, he concludes that a combined approach, supplementing Aristotle’s theory with an independent theory of right action, such as Kantianism or Utili tarianism, will allow for an adequate moral philosophy in modern day. However, there can be problems with supplementation because moral theories, such as Kantianism for example, suffer from the same problem of deciphering the conflict of virtues. Rachels evaluates a list of virtues such as benevolence, civility, fairness, justice and so on, describing them as traits of character that should be fostered in human beings. By doing so, he conveys to the reader the need for an independent theory of right action such as Kantianism to help distinguish whether or not it is a virtue or vice. However, he does not go into detail of the problems such independent theories of right action can run into. Say Rachels wants to supplement the virtue theory with kantianism, and a person posses the virtue of honesty, however, if that person were to be conflicted by Nazis asking where hidden refugees are, that person would have to tell the truth because that is what the â€Å"categorical imperative† deems. Therefore, supplementing the virtue theory proves unnecessary and contradicting when trying to maintain using the virtue theory in modern day. Next, I chose to compare a theory opposing the supplementalist view such as the non-supplementalist view that Rosalind Hursthouse agrees with in her essay â€Å"Virtue Theory and Abortion. However, she also adds a criterialist view point in that â€Å"an action is right, if and only if, it is what the virtuous agent would do in the circumstance† (Hursthouse 225). In her paper, she primarily uses the example of abortion to demonstrate her criticism of the virtue theory and discuss what is needed to be applied to the theory for it to promote the correct virtuous answer in modern circumstances. She states that â€Å"virtue theory can’t get us anywhere in real moral issues because it’s bound to be all assertion and no argument Hursthouse 226),† therefore, she addresses the need for clear, virtuous guidance about what ought and ought not to be done when a person is stuck in a conflicting decision of virtues. In her example of a woman’s decision of whether or not to have an abortion, she emphasizes the necessity of that guidance. However, in the evaluation of Hursthouse’s paper, she states nine separate criticisms of virtue theory, demonstrating what she believes to be an inadequate grasp either of the structure of virtue theory or what would be involved in thinking about a real moral issue in its terms. She clearly makes the point that Aristotle’s theory of the good does not allow for a blatant answer in circumstances in which a person could either only do wrong or face the decision of acting for the good of human kind or for their own self interest. But, what she does not grasp is the simple fact that a virtuous person would never be in such situations to begin with, as Julia Annas later states. Hursthouse’s example of abortion becomes invalid with the realization that a virtuous person would not have irresponsible sex to land herself in a situation of whether or not to have an abortion. She mostly disagrees with Aristotle’s overall concept; therefore, her need to recreate it in a more understandable method is diluted and consumed by her overall goal of asserting the need of a virtuous guidance for those stuck in unvirtuous situations. Julia Annas further addresses the contradictions Hursthouse makes in her essay â€Å"Being Virtuous and Doing the Right Things,† in that she does not follow the criterialist belief that Hursthouse believes is necessary to make the virtuous decision. As stated before, she uses the main contradiction that the circumstances where there is no right answer a virtuous person wouldn’t be in to begin with. Also, she believes that â€Å"we are not blank slates; we already have a firm views about right and wrong ways to act, worthy and unworthy ways to be (Annas 66),† and we become knowledgeable of what is right and wrong through a developmental process, not through some technical method of deciphering right from wrong. She believes that you become good at being virtuous the same way you become good in everything else, for example, in order be good at playing the piano, you must practice. Her statements help relate Aristotle’s virtue theory to those confused about how to apply it in everyday life. She is providing the excuse of instinct and development for the vagueness of his original theory in order to make it more practical and achievable for those wanting to act with virtue. Overall, Annas proves her view deliberately and assertively throughout her paper. It becomes apparent that becoming a virtuous person requires a developmental process much like other activities in life. Also, through defying other theories, such as Hursthouse’s, she shows how uncomplicated making a virtuous decision can be, instead of making such a decision seem unachievable and complicated in modern context. I agree with her statement that it is wrong to â€Å"force our everyday moral thoughts into a system of one-size-fits all kind, virtue ethics tells us to look elsewhere at what happens when we try to become a builder or pianist (Annas 73),† because I believe that is how I came to learn what was morally good, and how I am still learning what is right or wrong in today’s society. She revives Aristotle’s virtue theory for modern day by allowing its original vagueness to remain intact and not trying to rewrite the theory’s initial context, while at the same time describing it as more of a guideline for humans to live by and a way to improve practical judgment in everyday life. In conclusion, Annas’ non-supplementalist, non-criterialist outlook on Aristotle’s virtue theory provokes thought and consideration, but also relates to a reader, because if looked at closely, the virtuous developmental process can be easily recognizable in any reader’s childhood. Also, her analytical methods of revealing the problems in other theories help the reader to comprehend her theory easier. Annas leaves the reader stating â€Å"When it comes to working to find the right thing to do, we cannot shift the work to a theory, because we, unlike theories, are always learning, and so we are always learning and aspiring to do better (Annas 74). † Overall, Annas provides the best adaptation to Aristotle’s theory of the good and provides a positive outlook on the methods of becoming virtuous without constraining the reader to believe that there is exact and deliberate steps a human must make in order to gain eudemonia. Her revision allows Aristotle’s concept to live on into modern day, and thus provides a well-rounded and current guideline to the betterment of today’s society. Works Cited Annas, Julia. â€Å"Being Virtuous and Doing the Right Thing. † Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association (2004): 61-75. Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. 325 B. C. Hursthouse, Rosalind. â€Å"Virtue Theory and Abortion. † Philosophy and Public Affairs 20. 3 (1991): 223-246. Rachel, James. â€Å"The Ethics of Virtue. † 1996. Norman R. Shultz. November 2010 http://www. normanrschultz. org/Courses/Ethics/Rachels_virtueethics. pdf. How to cite Virtue Theory, Papers

Grendel has a sarcastic and cynical mind, which serves to entertain both him and the reader Essay Example For Students

Grendel has a sarcastic and cynical mind, which serves to entertain both him and the reader Essay Grendel has a sarcastic and cynical mind, which serves to entertain both him and the reader. Through his expositions of situations, we see humor where others would simply see violence, and irony where others only fact. These others are the humans, the Danes, unwitting neighbors of Grendel, forced to stand night after night of slaughter. What is a traumatic and terrifying experience for them, is simply a game to Grendel, and the reader. Grendel bursts in on the Danes, ready to kill, and they squeak. They are funny in their fear, laughable in their drunken fighting. The reader is focused on Grendels perception of the Danes. The deaths go by easily, because of the humor involved. It does not cross the readers mind that these are people Grendle is killing. The humor allows the reader to sympathize with Grendels position, that of the predator. The prey is not meaningful, only nutritious and entertaining. It is a macabre humor, which accentuates how no death is noble, it is simply death. By making the Danes un-heroic and un-ideal, cowards and drunkards, the author is presenting the reality through the humor. In contrast to the drunken lurching of the others, Unferth comes toward Grendel with speeches and bravery. He is a puffed up as a peacock, proud and ready to die for his king, his people, his ideal. Grendel simply states, He was one of those. Grendel sees Unferth with a clear and unbiased mind. He is ridiculous. His exaggerated heroism, his words, even his first move, to scuttle sideways like a crab from thirty feet away, is laughable. Grendle does with him what he does with no other Dane in the story, he talks. Unferth offers Grendle death, and Grendle sends back taunts. The reason this scene is funny is because the taunts are sharply accurate. The self-sacrificing hero is shown to be a spotlight loving fool, serving only his own reputation. Grendel continues talking to Unferth, making the poor wretch angrier by the moment. At one point, he compares Unferth to a harvest virgin. Unferth attempts to begin his own speeches, but is always cut off by Grendel, who has another barb to throw at him. Finally, Unferth screams and charges, his voice breaking. This scene, of escalating argument, presents a different type of humor. While the first was a slapstick, exaggerated and dark humor, the argument is more sarcastic, intelligent and cutting. It exposes the cruel reality of the hero; he serves only himself and his fame when helping others. When Unferth charges him, Grendel does the unthinkable. He throws an apple at him. Unferth is astonished, and even loses his heroic vocabulary. He continues charging, and Grendel continues the barrage of apples. This scene is pure humiliation for Unferth, pure delight for Grendel, and entertaining for the reader. Grendel, murderer and monster, is hitting the hero with simple red apples. By doing this, he is breaking any type of significance the battle could ever have. The bards cannot sing of how the monster threw apples. It is symbolically important that Grendel throws apples. Unferth symbolizes a virgin, pure in ideal and purpose. The apple brought down the first virgin, Eve, as these apples bring him down. They represent the truth, the knowledge that Grendle is pelting him with. The hero ends up on the floor crying, and Grendel remarks to him Such is lifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦such is dignity. This remark holds no pity, only scorn, and is funny in its viciousness. Most of the humor in the novel is followed by some of the most chilling and melancholic pieces of prose. This contrast of the humoristic with the somber makes the despair Grendel feels a more striking emotion. Before being completely exposed to nihilism and solitude by the Dragon, Grendel is compared to a bunny rabbit because he was startled. The monster that terrified the Danes is terrified by the Dragon, who continues poking fun at him and his fear. .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee , .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee .postImageUrl , .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee , .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee:hover , .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee:visited , .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee:active { border:0!important; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee:active , .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u81baded45e4a81ad84fb342bd53c9bee:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Andover and Charleston EssayThe reader is presented with the impotent figure of Grendel, trying desperately to react in some way to the dragons laughter, and not knowing how. He gets angry, which immediately makes the dragon deadly serious. What follows is the dragon stating in turn his truths about life and snide side remarks on humanity. The humor allows the reader to connect slightly with Grendels feelings as they transition from the comedy to the drama, sometimes in a jarring fashion. This same transition occurs in the interaction of Grendel and Unferth. The Dane is a broken man, both physically and mentally. He cries. He has a broken nose. The humor is lost as the reader begins to feel pity for him. Once we feel connected to the being suffering, the humor evaporates, leaving behind the message, ideals are false. The humor sets up the atmosphere and the elements of the message, but it is only in the alternate tone that the message is truly established. Grendels humor is the truth in some aspects and a farce in others. It contrasts sharply with the Danes views but it is a valid view. At the same time, the humor in Grendel hides a deep despair and the root messages. Grendel makes fun of Unferth, but is more like Unferth that he could possibly guess. Unferth represents the hero brought down by the monster, and the shattering of his own beliefs. Grendel is a monster who has no beliefs, and is brought down by an unnamed hero. The dragon spares Grendel, while Unferth is by Grendel. Unferth is a cast out among the men, and Grendle is a cast out to all human society. Unferth seeks desperately to die in the fight, and regain some type of honor. Grendel seeks the fight for some type of recognition from the Danes. In a way, when Grendel makes fun of Unferth, he is hurting that part of himself he dislikes. He, through Unferth, is hitting at the pretensions human society and at his own imperfections. Killing him would have been unsatisfying, and would not have allowed Grendel his victory. In using humor, Grendel has marked a person, a human being. It is his victory because he has finally connected with someone, his opposite. Even the fact that the battle is through humor presents a part of the victory. He does not need to use the heros methods, but uses his own. his words and wit, to win the battle.